Repair work such as injection and/or filling procedures may be necessary before installation of the lining tube, in case of damage such as leaks, positional deviations (socket offsets), missing wall parts and damaged connection areas. For repairs, the data sheets ATV-DVWK-M 143-7, -8 and DWA-M 143-16 are to be applied. During this preparatory work, it is important to ensure that the installation of the lining tube is not adversely affected, e.g. …

Process: Grouted-in-place process for potable water piping

Title: Renovation of a DN 100 potable water pipe with the Cempipe process

Location: Entrance to a small town, open area

Limiting conditions:

• System: Potable water pipe
• Material: Steel
• Cross section: Circular cross section
• Nominal size: DN 100
• Depth position: 2.0 - 2.5 m
• Rehabilitation section: 105 m
• Damage: Incrustation, manganese and iron deposits

Site equipment

Site equipment includes traffic safety, provision and preparation of storage surfaces for equipment and material as well as the provision of power and water supplies.

Water stoppage

During rehabilitation, the water supply is turned off. It can be turned on again approximately 12 h after the rehabilitation work has been completed.

Cleaning the piping

Before rehabilitation, the potable water piping is cleaned. For instance, the cleaning can be carried out by a steel spring scraper.

Digging the excavations

For the rehabilitation of the potable water piping with the CemPipe method, it is necessary to excavate at the start and end of the piping to be rehabilitated (starting and end excavation). As the construction …

Renovation of a DN 100 drinking water pipeline using the Cempipe method (Lining with a rigidly anchored inner plastics layer).

(Image: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dietrich Stein)Modern civilisation is inconceivable without functioning drain and sewer systems, i.e. facilities for collecting, draining, treating or discharging wastewater.

In the interest of environmental protection and in particular water protection, the main activities in Europe have for several decades been the construction of wastewater treatment facilities and their continuous improvement. The results of these activities …

As a consequence of the industrial development at the start of the 19^th century, installations for the collection and drainage of sewage have been systematically built and operated in Europe since the second half of the 19th century, especially in order to adequately protect human health and safety. The drain and sewer system has at least four successive functions: collection, transport, treatment and discharge of sewage [ [Büker2000]] [ [Strell1913]] [ […

In the following the most important terms that will be subsequently used are defined here. If there are major discrepancies between the European and the German standards, both terms will be explained for reasons of a better understanding. For further information please refer to DIN 4045 [DIN4045:2003], DIN 1986 part 100 [DIN1986-100:2008] and the European standard DIN EN 752 [EN752:2008]; EN 16323 [EN16323:2014] as well as ATV-M 143-1 [ATVM143-1:…

According to DIN EN 752 [EN752:2008], sewage is defined as “water that is composed of any kind of combination of water that has been drained from households, industrial and business establishments, surface runoff and unintentional ingress of infiltration water”. It is a mixture of water and different substances that are again categorised according to their physical form into:

• Dissolved substances,
• Emulsified substances (liquids that cannot be mixed …

(Foul) wastewater is “a type of water that has changed its properties and condition due to its use and is then discharged into a drain and sewer system”. Wastewater is subdivided into:

• Domestic wastewater and / or
• Industrial wastewater

Domestic wastewater is “wastewater discharged from kitchens, laundry rooms, lavatories, bathrooms, toilets and similar facilities” [EN752:2008].

The main sources of the substances that can be found in domestic wastewater are human excrement and water used for washing and cleaning [Stein1987].

Domestic wastewater also includes sewage from small trade premises (e.g. a petrol station, doctor’s surgery, wholesale or retail merchant, workshop and/or laundry) …

Industrial wastewater is the “runoff of industrial and commercial wastewater”. DIN EN 752 [EN752:2008] defines industrial/commercial wastewater as “discharge resulting from any industrial or commercial activity”.

The composition of the industrial wastewater depends on the economic structure of the municipality [Stein1987] [Stein1989].

General guidelines with regard to the most important characteristics of substances that may still be considered safe …

(Image: Terminology for flows derived from rainwater with reference to EN 752)

Precipitation water is defined as “runoff that does not seep away into the soil and is discharged into the drain and sewer system from ground surfaces or outer surfaces of buildings”. An overview on the terminology in the context of runoff is given in Image 1‑12 [EN752:2008].

Rainwater: “Water from atmospheric precipitation that did not yet absorb any environmental substances …

Infiltration water is “an unwanted ingress of water into a drain and sewer system” [EN752:2008].

The category of infiltration water includes infiltrated groundwater, water that is discharged via faulty connections without permission (e.g. wastewater, seepage water and groundwater that enters a surface water sewer from building and site drainage systems, and discharge of smaller rivulets into the sewer system). The quantity of infiltration water varies …

Sewers with widely varying cross sections and dimensions have been used since the beginning of modern sewage technology and some are still in use in their original form to this day.

(Image: Standardised sewers cross sections with geometrical values at full filling according to DIN 4263 (06.2011) (DIN 4263))

The most important cross sectional shapes, which are also called sewer profiles, are the circular, the standard ovoid and the standard arch cross …

According to DIN EN 1610 [ [DINEN1610:1997]], depth of cover (formerly also called depth position) is defined as “the vertical distance from the top of the pipe barrel to the surface."

Considering the minimum required gradient of 1.0 % to 2.0 % for the laterals and pipes that are installed below all other supply lines in the pavement and the installation depth of the cellar inlets inclusive of the drain traps, the following guide values for the individual …

Sewage is a mixture of water including various solids, among which there are also those that settle. Their sedimentation can be avoided in sewer systems that are operated as a gravity system with an enclosed channel, if the velocity of discharge is not permitted to fall below a certain value. To ensure that this minimum required discharge velocity (self-cleansing velocity) can always be maintained, sewers are always laid with a certain gradient or, …

The laying of sewers has been and still is carried out either by means of open cut or trenchless methods of construction. Depending on the chosen method of construction, there are different pipe-soil-systems with different external loads acting on the sewer. These can decisively influence the type and extent of damage as well as the chosen rehabilitation method. This holds true especially for injection processes and pipe replacement processes, for …

Prior to the start of any construction method and due to its different behaviour when being loaded by structures, the subsoil that is present in situ is categorised in soil and made ground (subsequently called soil) as well as rock [EN1997-1:2009].

In the following, soils will be explained in more detail, as they are the predominant type of ground found close to the surface in the urban areas. Soil is a mixture of mineral and/or organic components …