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A compaction test of the bedding layer is of particular importance, as this layer has to bear loads before the side fill, cover and main backfill are placed and compacted. Thus, a compaction test at an earlier point in time is highly recommended over a compaction test after the completion of the construction works. This ensures that subsequent settlings or subsidence can be minimised or even prevented. |
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In order to prevent gross defects or deficiencies in the construction work and contractual debates on the evaluation of results obtained by means of different test methods and testing devices, it should be proceeded as follows (provided that nothing else is specified in the contract):
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The photos below summarise the currently available compaction test methods. In the following, their fields of application will be illustrated. (Image: Core Cutter Method) (Image: Replacement Test) (Image: Dynamic Plate Load Test) (Image: Dynamic Probing) |
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(Table: Common errors and consequences of faulty compaction testing) |
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(Table: Common errors and consequences of faulty compaction testing (2)) |
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Congratulations! You have successfully finished this module. Next, you will have the opportunity to review the newly acquired knowledge with an interactive questionnaire. You can, of course, still navigate back to any point in the modules if you wish to review a specific topic or subject. Stay curious! |
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Apr 03, 2017 The installation of water and wastewater networks is carried out around the world to a large extent in open cut construction. This module focuses on all of the relevant information relating installation and alignment of the pipes, backfill compaction, alternative backfill materials, and the removal of the shoring. Upon the successful completion of this module, you will be able to:
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Today, supply and discharge lines are still predominantly installed by using the open-cut method: a trench is dug, the lines are installed. Under the protection of an embankment or sheeting and the trench is filled afterwards. In the face of the numerous disadvantages as well as the citizens' growing environmental consciousness in the future it is urgently necessary to take trenchless technology into account much stronger than until today as an alternative … |
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May 18, 2020
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May 18, 2020
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May 18, 2020 |
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May 18, 2020 (Image: Attention!)With partial support, the surface of the working face is divided into sections and is either supported by means of natural partial support on bench plates (bench (plate) or platform shields) and/or by means of mechanical partial support using breast plates. (Image: Hand shield with breast plates - working face with mechanical partial support) (Image: Hand shield with benches (Bench shield) - working face with natural partial support) (… |
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May 18, 2020
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May 18, 2020
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May 18, 2020 |
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May 18, 2020 Shield machines with compressed air support (SM-T3) are closed shields based on shield types SM-T1 and SM-T2 in which the working face is pressurized with the flow off compressed air, e.g. "air with a positive pressure of more than 0.1 bar (10 kPa, 1.5 psi) above atmospheric" [ [DINEN12110:2014]] in order that the working chamber (defined in EN 12110 [ [DINEN12110:2014]] as "space in which work is carried out in compressed air") can be kept free … |
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May 18, 2020
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