Static Proof
Imperfections
Depending on the host pipe condition, imperfections must be assumed for the liner, i.e. it must be assumed in the calculation that the cross-sectional shape of the liner does not correspond to the nominal or initial internal contour of the host pipe, but deviates from it in a certain shape and to a certain extent.
In the currently valid set of rules, the following three types of imperfections are to be considered:
- Local imperfection wv
- Joint ring deformation wGR,V
- Gap formation wS