Content
Final Work, Acceptance, Renovation Defects
Material Tests
Lining Observations
How to Deal with Folds?
Table:
Dealing with folds [Haacker2015]
| Type of fold | Possible measures (individual case consideration necessary, static requirements are fulfilled) |
|---|---|
| Longitudinal fold not filled | Milling and waterproof filling for polymeric fibre liner, or leaving the fold intact for glass fibre liner |
| Longitudinal fold filled | For polymeric fibre liner, or milling off and leaving the fold intact for glass fibre liner |
|
Hidden fold
|
If necessary, grouting the cavity in the apex area |
| Invert fold | Residual styrene test on UV hardened liners. Within accessible cross sections, new lamination of the damaged areas |
| Circumferential fold not filled | Does the fold represent a drainage obstacle? Either leave the fold or see above |
| Circumferential fold filled | Does the fold represent a drainage obstacle? Either leave the fold or see above |
| Conform fold | Check material characteristics. If possible, leave the fold intact |
| Over-expansion | Annular gap test, material test, if results within the tolerable range, keep it as it is |
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