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Nov 22, 2004 (Image: Summary of the fluids suitable for injections [Stein92c]) A review of the fluids that are used for injection arranged according to the size of the particles of the dispersing substances or the viscosity is shown in Bild 5.2.2.1. Of these injection media, which gel or harden in the injected region, only the cement pastes and grouts, suspensions of cement, clay or combinations of both media as well as solvents based on water glass and plastics … |
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Feb 16, 2011 The choice of the injection processes and the execution of the injections are dependent, among others, on the prevailing geological and hydro-geological conditions, the condition and the depth of the sewer as well as the purpose of the injection. Thus, the possibility of a pre-injection in strongly porous layers of the affected sewer sector, as well as an after-pressing, can be important. As regards the injection technology, numerous processes are … |
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Nov 22, 2004 The aims of injection from outside are to fix and/or seal the defective piping region of surrounding unconsolidated soils and thus to restore the lost functions of this sewer sector, or to fill the available cavities. The regions to be injected are made accessible from the ground by means of drilling, pressing lances or similar and injected under pressure with a suitable injection medium. The main areas of use are non-man-accessible sewers situated … |
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Nov 22, 2004 In the region of leaks or assumed cavities, holes are drilled in the sewer or structure walls and either injection lances or nozzles are inserted through which injection medium is pressed in [Under85] (Bild 5.2.2.3.1) (Bild 5.2.2.3.1).
In the presence of typical longitudinal cracks (Abschnitt … |
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Feb 16, 2011 The filling, e.g. the injection and soaking of cracks in man-accessible sewers and structures of drain and sewer systems extends exclusively to the materials of concrete, reinforced concrete or brick masonry because of the large nominal sizes. There are no special technical regulations for the injection of cracks in the application cases mentioned above. Basically, the guidelines of the Deutsches Betonverein [NN81] as well as the "Zusätzlichen Technischen … |
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Feb 16, 2011 The injection of pipe joints in man-accessible cross sections can be carried out in a similar manner to that mentioned for the injection of cracks or with the use of special packers. These packers are positioned by hand or by machine at the leaking pipe joint. The individual working steps in the application of the USA patented three-part packer (US Patent No.3,951,173) as shown in the video. (Video: Sketch showing principle of sealing pipe joints with … |
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Nov 22, 2004 With injection from inside, and depending on the process and media utilised, all the aims of the injection processes mentioned in Abschnitt 5.2.2 can be achieved in man-accessible as well as in non-man-accessible regions. Injection from inside offers the following advantages over that from outside:
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(Image: Schematic depiction of the Posatryn process) The Posatryn process is based on the Penetryn process (Patent No. 3,168,908/3,168,909) and was developed in the USA in the year 1960 and has been used in the Federal Republic of Germany since 1975 [NASSCO85a] [Rhode66] [Schop81]. In the region of the respective point of damage a packer is positioned under supervision using a TV camera and this makes the injection possible (Bild 5.2.2.4.1.1.1.1). |
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The Posatryn process is meant mainly for sealing pipe joints and lateral cracks, as well as locally limited leaks in pipes with a circular cross section in all materials usually used in the sewage sector in the nominal size range of DN 150 to DN 4500 with the exception of masonry sewers. Corresponding packers are also available for ovoid cross sections 200/350. Other cross sectional forms require special equipment. The preferred regions of application … |
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The preparations include the cleaning of the respective section of the sewer and the removal of any existing flow obstacles that can hinder the pulling of the packer through the section of the sewer to be repaired. When using a packer with a centrally arranged throughflow, the volume flow of the sewer can be maintained by up to 50 % of its capacity as long as it does not cause a back up. |
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The individual working steps of the Posatryn process are shown in the video. The apparatus required - sewer TV camera and packers (Bild 5.2.2.4.1.1.1.4) (Bild 5.2.2.4.1.1.1.4) (Bild 5.2.2.4.1.1.1.4) (Bild 5.2.2.4.1.1.1.4) (Bild 5.2.2.4.1.1.1.4) (Bild 5.2.2.4.1.1.1.4) (Bild 5.2.2.4.1.1.1.4) - are introduced into the section of the sewer through the manhole and pulled to the point of damage and positioned there by a winch by remote control. The packer |
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(Image: Schematic depiction of the equipment for the Posatryn process with reference to [Lenah72] [Image: S&P GmbH]) Two persons are required for carrying out the Posatryn process in the non-man-accessible region and 3 persons in the accessible region. The whole installation (Bild 5.2.2.4.1.1.1.5) is installed on a truck and consists basically of the compressed air and injection equipment, the sewer TV equipment as well as the associated measuring, … |
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The Posatryn process offers the following advantages:
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Nov 22, 2004 |
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Nov 22, 2004
For this process, which is similar in principle to the Posatryn process, a new packer has been developed [FI-IBAK]. It consists of a hollow aluminium cylinder over which is pulled a one-piece, highly elastic and wear-resistant sleeve with two integrated inflatable chambers (Bild 5.2.2.4.1.1.2). By means … |
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Feb 16, 2011
The Telegrout system was developed in the USA by the Haliburton Company [Claph65]. This system utilises a 3-part packer (Bild 5.2.2.4.1.1.3) that can be used in three variants in the nominal size range of 150 mm to 700 mm.
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Nov 22, 2004 As representatives for this process group, the Posatryn (Abschnitt 5.2.2.4.1.1.1), Seal-i-Tryn (Abschnitt 5.2.2.4.1.1.2) and the Telegrout systems (Abschnitt 5.2.2.4.1.1.3) will be dealt with in more detail in the following. |
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Feb 16, 2011 (Image: Cherne process - 3-Chamber packer [FI-Schei]) The Cherne process developed in the USA in 1972 (US Patent 3,894,131) utilises a special packer with three inflatable packer sleeves or chambers (Bild 5.2.2.4.1.2.1) [Mimms83] [Sulli77]. The method of operation is shown in Bild 5.2.2.4.1.2.1, Bild 5.2.2.4.1.2.1, Bild 5.2.2.4.1.2.1 and Bild 5.2.2.4.1.2.1. The supply to the packer is achieved by a 5-part hose for:
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Nov 22, 2004 The packer system for the injection and the working steps of the MUSA process correspond to those of the Cherne process. In addition, a test chamber is added at the front in order to prove the required socket leaktightness and a rotating high pressure cleaning for flushing of contaminants in the gap of the pipe joint as a preparatory measure (Bild 5.2.2.4.1.2.2) (Bild 5.2.2.4.1.2.2) (Bild 5.2.2.4.1.2.2) [FI-maagh].
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Nov 22, 2004 The basic difference from the sealing processes based on acrylic resin mentioned above is in the more difficult handling of the polyurethane, which has the higher adhesive strength and greater strength in the end condition. This requires special packers with packer sleeves that have a greater ability to separate from the hardened polyurethane resin and that expel the injection medium completely out of the injection chamber. Representatives of this … |
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Nov 22, 2004 (Image: Sealing a pipe joint with the AMK or the RIM process with reference to [FI-AMK] [Image: S&P GmbH]) A representative of this is Amkrete Resin Injection Process, well know since its development in 1983 in England under the original "AMK" designation [FI-AMK] [NN86f]. It is used for sealing and/or fixing of leaks, longitudinal and lateral cracks, pipe breaks and cavities in the embedment in sewers DN 100 to DN 500 and materials of concrete, vitrified … |
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Nov 22, 2004 Rehabilitation and Maintenance of Drains and Sewers Injection from Inside with Non-Man-Accessible Cross Sections In the injection of pipe joints, also called socket injection, there are mostly used injection media based on acrylate resin, polyurethane and epoxy resin (Abschnitt 5.2.2.1). These media require different packer systems and mixing techniques for the respective components used. Generally a difference can be made between:
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Nov 22, 2004 Rehabilitation and Maintenance of Drains and Sewers Injection from Inside with Non-Man-Accessible Cross Sections (Image: Long packer of the Posatryn process [WRC90]) The object of injection into the pipe shaft or the section of the sewer region is the renewal of the leaktightness and the static bearing strength of damaged pipes or sectors of the section of the sewer also including the embedment. Long packers (Bild 5.2.2.4.2) with an injection medium based on acrylic resin are used for sealing injection. For restoring the leaktightness and the static bearing strength, … |
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Feb 16, 2011 Long packers with two inflatable packer sleeves connected together with a flexible intermediate piece are used for injection in the region of laterals (Bild 5.2.2.4.3.1) (Bild 5.2.2.4.3.1). The introduction of the packers can take place with winches or with the use of a pneumatically driven, self-advancing pulling installation [Steke84] attached to the point of the packer. The removal of the long packer can present difficulties with large annular spaces … |
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Feb 16, 2011 The simplest method for also sealing the connection of the lateral in one working pass is with the use of normal or long packers in the sewer immediately in the region of the connection together with a blocking balloon in the lateral. With this process, the injection medium is pressed into the whole of the blocked region and thus reaches into the leak and also into the soil. After the completion of the injection work, the gelled injection medium … |
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