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Mar 17, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Excavation preparation

As a criterion for the determination of permissible bending radii, the following aspects have to be considered:

  • the kinking (for a small ratio of pipe wall thickness to diameter – high number of pipe series),
  • the strain of the outer fibre (for a large ratio of pipe wall thickness to diameter – low numer of pipe series)

Kinking

(Formula: Bending radius to kinking)

Extension

(Formula: Bending radius against extension)

Mar 17, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Excavation preparation

Taking the two criteria into account, the permissible bending radii are obtained in accordance with .

(Table: Permissible bending radii of PE-HD and PP copolymer pipes (Hoechst AG) [FI-Hoech] [Koch85])
(Image: Attention!)

At temperatures around 0 °C, the above-mentioned bending radii must be increased by a factor of 2.5. Between 0° and 20° C the respective bending radii can be determined by linear interpolation [Bröms87].

Mar 17, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Excavation preparation

The data sheet ATV-M 127-2 restricts the permissible extension of the outer fibre of thin-walled pipes to 1.23%; the permissible extension of the outer fibre of SDR11-pipes is 3.0%.

(Table: Permissible bendings, permissible extensions of HD-PE according to [ATVM127-2])
(Image: Attention!)

Tensile strain is not considered!

The data sheet ATV-M 127-2 indeed considers the bending of pipes with a high ratio of diameter-wall thickness (SDR 32.25), but …

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Excavation preparation

(Image: Calculating the dimensions of the pulling-in excavation with elastic fixation [Zimme91] - Freely bent continuous pipe with elastic fixation) (Image: Calculating the dimensions of the pulling-in excavation with elastic fixation [Zimme91] - Continuous pipe with elasitc fixation at sewer)

The dimensions of the pulling-in excavation are calculated as follows [Zimme91] :

Length of the pulling-in excavation of the non-raised, force-inserted continuous …

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Excavation preparation

(Image: Calculating the dimensions of the pulling-in excavation - Bending curve of the continuous pipe raised by the amount H [Zimme91])

Generally it is recommended, in order to shorten the pulling-in excavation, to lift the continuous pipe by the dimension H above ground level with the aid of roller blocks or stands.

In this way the required excavation length is reduced to the dimension lG2 :

lG2 = √3HR [mm]

Length of the pulling-in excavation …

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Excavation preparation

(Image: Excavation for the bilateral pulling-in of a continuous pipe)

If a road bed of the whole length of the excavation is dug out, the excavation can be pulled-in in two directions.

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Excavation preparation

(Image: Attention!)

If the pulling-in procedure is interrupted for a longer period, the continuous pipe has to be secured in the pulling-in excavation so that the bending radii do not fall below the maximum permissible bending radii.

Mar 16, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Conventional lining with continuous pipes

(Image: Conventional sliplining process with annular space with reference to [FI-Teerb] - Depiction of principle [Image: S&P GmbH])

In this process, a correspondingly long, flexible continuous pipe of HD-PE with a circular cross section is pulled from an excavation into the pipe sector to be rehabilitated in one operation with the help of a winch . The remaining annular space between the liner and the inner wall of the sewer is grouted.

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Conventional lining with continuous pipes

(Image: Limiting conditions)
(Table: Application areas of the conventional lining with continuous pipes [FI-Steina])

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Conventional lining with continuous pipes

Tensile force is necessary for the pulling-in of lining-pipes.

(Formula: Calculation of the tensile force for pulling-in a continuous pipe) (Image: Tensile force F and gradient reference to [Koch85] [FI-Hoech] [Image: S&P GmbH])

The necessary tensile force is determined by the following factors:

  • the weight of the continuous pipe (qR [N/mm2]*l [mm]),
  • the coefficient of friction of the ground (μ) and
  • the ascending or downward slope of the old line (…

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Conventional lining with continuous pipes

(Image: Tensile stress with reference to [FI-Hoech] [Koch85] [Image: S&P GmbH]) (Formula: Tensile stress)

The tensile force F with the cross section A creates the tensile stress , which must be smaller than the permissible tensile strength σtension,perm.

The permissible stress depends on

  • the ambient temperature,
  • the duration of the pulling-in process and
  • the permissible extension of the pipe.
(Image: Attention!)

Only winches with tensile stress …

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Conventional lining with continuous pipes

(Table: Maximum permissible tensile forces for pipes made of PE 80 at pipe-wall temperatures of 20 °C (40 °C), rounded values [DVGWGW320-1])

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Conventional lining with continuous pipes

(Table: Maximum permissible tensile forces for pipes made of PE 100 at pipe-wall temperatures of 20 °C (40 °C), rounded values [DVGWGW320-1])

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Conventional lining with continuous pipes

(Formula: Maximum permissible length that can be pulled-in)

For HD-PE-pipes (PE 80), the following maximum pulling-in length can be obtained – independent of pipe diameter and wall thickness – given that the permissible strain is 2% for lines with an ascending slope of up to 10°:

  • 680 m at 20°C
  • the pulling-in length reduces to 425 m when continuous pipes are heated to 40°C in the summer

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Conventional lining with continuous pipes

(Image: Conventional sliplining process with annular space with reference to [FI-Teerb] [Image: S&P GmbH] - Design of pulling heads for pipes DN 140 to DN 1200)

The forces are transferred from the tension head to the pipe either by means of

  • a welded connection (with a welded-on insertion cone) or
  • a flanged connection with weld-on flange or
  • bolts [FI-Hoech].

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Conventional lining with continuous pipes

(Image: Pulling head with pin connection - external view) (Image: Pull head with pin connection with reference to [FI-Hoech] [Koch85] [Image: S&P GmbH])
(Image: Pulling head with pin connection - internal view)

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Conventional lining with continuous pipes

(Image: Temperature)

Very important when working with HD-PE pipes are alterations in length due to changes in temperature, which, especially on hot summer days, can lead to problems.

In order to avoid this, the slip linings should be inserted in the early hours of the morning, as the temperature of the material and the ambient temperature in the section of the sewer to be rehabilitated are nearly equal at this time [Vogt90].

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Conventional lining with continuous pipes

(Image: Lining with continuous pipes – pulling-in excavation [FI-KMG]) (Image: Lining with continuous pipes [FI-KMG] - Heating element butt welding)
(Image: Lining with continuous pipes – target excavation [FI-KMG])

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Conventional lining with continuous pipes

(Image: Conventional sliplining process with annular space [FI-Teerb] - View of the pulling-in excavation with continuous pipe)
(Image: Conventional sliplining process with annular space [FI-Teerb] - Pulling-in opening provided with slides to protect the pipe run)
(Image: Conventional sliplining process with annular space [FI-Teerb] - Welding of HD-PE pipes outside the excavation with the heating element butt-welding process)
(Image: Conventional …

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Corrugated pipe process

A further representative of the sliplining process is the corrugated or spiral pipe process (not found), which the manufacturer of the special three-layer pipes has designated as the "Flexoren Process".

A pull head is attached to the end of the continuous pipe in order to make the pulling-in process easier and an insertion funnel is placed at the start of the section of the sewer.

The digging of an insertion excavation is not required and taking the …

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Corrugated pipe process

(Image: Limiting conditions)
(Table: Application areas of the corrugated pipe process [FI-Steina])

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Corrugated pipe process

(Table: Limits of application of the corrugated pipe process [FI-Upono])

Mar 23, 2006

Modules

Renovation: Lining with Continuous Pipes - Part III - Method Variants with Annular Space

Corrugated pipe process

(Image: Corrugated pipe process - Inserting the corrugated pipe into the entry manhole (Baypren) [FI-Phoena]) (Image: Corrugated pipe process - Guiding the corrugated pipe into the section of the sewer to be rehabilitated [FI-Upono])

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